Italia, Regno Unito e Giappone sperano di portare la Germania a bordo del loro progetto di aerei da caccia di prossima generazione

So, either FCAS is done or India is getting IP rights?

As the Future Combat Air System (FCAS) project that was developed with France and Spain is facing unprecedented threats, will Germany seek new partners? This idea has been circulating since statements made on December 4, 2025, by Italian Defense Minister Guido Crosetto. Speaking before Parliament, he mentioned the possibility that Germany might “in the future” join the next-generation fighter jet project developed by Italy in collaboration with the United Kingdom and Japan. According to Italian media, Council President Giorgia Meloni and German Chancellor Friedrich Merz even discussed this scenario in January during a summit in Rome.

The Global Combat Air Programme (GCAP), which was launched by a treaty signed in December 2022 between the UK, Italy and Japan, has not encountered the same obstacles as the FCAS, with the three countries having opted for centralized and balanced governance through a joint venture. Named “Edgewing,” it brings together the British defense contractor BAE Systems, Italy’s Leonardo and Japan Aircraft Industrial Enhancement, with each holding one-third of the capital. It has been operational since June 2025 and aims to fly its first demonstrator before 2027, with the system entering service in 2035 – five years ahead of FCAS.

The arrival of a new partner, especially one with deep pockets (Germany has planned to spend €100 billion this year on defense), would be a crucial asset for GCAP advocates, given that the program’s costs have exceeded initial projections. The three governments leading the project have even considered opening it up to Saudi Arabia to ease their financial burden.

The Italian Parliament approved on Thursday, February 12, a funding plan of €8.77 billion, bringing the cost of the project’s initial phase to €18.6 billion, compared to around €6 billion in 2021 when the program was first outlined.

Concerns in the UK

There have also been growing concerns in the UK about the government’s ability to sustain the financial commitment required for GCAP. According to an article published on February 1 in the Daily Telegraph, London has delayed the signing of a trilateral agreement with Italy and Japan, as budget allocations for the UK Ministry of Defence in the coming years have yet to be finalized or guaranteed.

According to industry sources cited by the outlet, progress on the Tempest – the name of GCAP’s fighter jet – has continued using available UK resources, but these budgets will be depleted within a few months. “There is a real risk of delay [to the program] if this issue is not resolved,” one of those sources stressed.

However, joining such an advanced project would not be easy for Germany. It would raise questions about cost-sharing and the role of German industry in the consortium. Key positions have already been allocated: Rolls-Royce (UK), IHI (Japan) and Avio Aero (Italy) are working together on propulsion system design and development. Leonardo (Italy and the UK), Mitsubishi Electric (Japan) and ELT Group (Italy) are developing detection instruments, non-kinetic effects and integrated communications systems. Such a move would also call into question certain agreements between French and German companies made as part of FCAS, such as the partnership between Safran and MTU on engines.

Introducing the Spitfire – Messerschmitt – Mitsubishi – Jet Fighter!

Never understood why France/Germany/Spain didn’t follow a similar model:

>The Global Combat Air Programme (GCAP), which was launched by a treaty signed in December 2022 between the UK, Italy and Japan, has not encountered the same obstacles as the FCAS, with the three countries having opted for centralized and balanced governance through a joint venture. 
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>Named “Edgewing,” it brings together the British defense contractor BAE Systems, Italy’s Leonardo and Japan Aircraft Industrial Enhancement, with each holding one-third of the capital. It has been operational since June 2025 and aims to fly its first demonstrator before 2027, with the system entering service in 2035 – five years ahead of FCAS.