Ecco come si presenta il primo mercato di auto completamente elettriche al mondo: la Norvegia è sul punto di completare la transizione dalle auto a combustione grazie a incentivi mirati che hanno reso l’elettrico una scelta facile.

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> #Norway Set to Become World’s First All-Electric Vehicle Market
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> **This Is What the World’s First All-EV Car Market Looks Like**
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> **Norway is on the cusp of completing a transition away from combustion cars thanks to targeted incentives that made electrics an easy choice.**
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> *28 November 2024 at 22:00 GMT*
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> In Norway, Toyota Motor Corp. is going from one electric-powered model to five to better compete with Tesla Inc., fuel stations are ripping out pumps to make space for chargers, and even nursing homes in the rural interior have switched to battery-powered cars despite months of arctic cold.
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> All are signs of the dramatic shift that has put the Nordic country on the cusp of becoming the first market in the world to all but eliminate sales of new combustion-powered cars.
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> “It’s cold here, there are mountains, long distances to drive,” Yngve Slyngstad, the former head of Norway’s $1.8 trillion sovereign wealth fund, said on the way to his electric car in downtown Oslo. “There are so many reasons EVs shouldn’t have been a success here, and yet we’ve done it.”
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> It’s a transition that happened with remarkable speed. While there have long been incentives to encourage EV purchases — mainly to promote short-lived domestic upstarts — adoption only started to accelerate in recent years, as a greater variety of cars became available. Once an inflection point was reached, the ramp-up was rapid.
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> Despite winding back some tax benefits, EVs accounted for 94% of new car sales in October — almost double the rate in China — putting the country within reach of a goal to stop adding combustion engines next year.
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> Norway’s progress is bucking trends elsewhere. In Europe, sales have declined this year, while in the US, the re-election of Donald Trump represents a risk to the country’s halting progress toward zero-emission vehicles.
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> Norway had advantages that helped propel the transition — not the least being its oil and gas wealth — as well as successive governments that were aligned on the need to reduce transport emissions. But its cold climate and low population density were hurdles. It’s also a mature market, which meant changing ingrained habits and making it an important test case for other developed countries.
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> “This market is not a big market in terms of the volume, but in terms of the lessons that are then applied for the future, it’s huge,” said Piotr Pawlak, president at Toyota Norway.
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> ***Tesla Is Now the Top-Selling Brand in Norway***
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> **Market share by manufacturer**
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> https://i.imgur.com/6bXlhwd.png
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> **^Source: ^Norwegian ^Road ^Federation ^(OFV)**
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> The gradual end of the combustion-engine era has caused large and small changes. In the auto industry, Tesla has replaced Toyota and VW as the nation’s most popular brand, and Chinese manufacturers like Nio Inc. and BYD Co. are expanding. There are now more than 160 electric models available, compared with less than 10 a decade ago.
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> Fueling stations have had to rethink their business model. Repair shops have had to invest in high-voltage facilities, but are also under pressure to service more cars because it takes less time to fix an EV.
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> There are also issues that have yet to be sorted out like what happens to batteries after an electric car gets scrapped. And despite Norway’s success, combustion cars still account for about three out of four cars on the road. As for commercial vehicles, the transition has only just started.
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> To explore what the shift means, Bloomberg went from remote Rendalen, where EV penetration is one of the lowest in the country, to Oslo, where combustion-powered cars are getting crowded out.
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> **Starting Out**
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> https://i.imgur.com/94xvm7Q.png
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> In the sparse interior of Norway, roads weave through mountains and dense evergreen forests and towns are few and far between.
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> In the valley of Rendalen, there’s a museum dedicated to the region’s rugged history, which is open only from July through early September when there’s less risk of visitors getting stranded in snow and ice. And yet even here, the future of the auto industry has arrived, with two bright green chargers in the parking lot.
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> The municipality also bought seven electric compact SUVs from Toyota, mainly for medical staff from the local nursing facility to use for home visits. They arrived last summer and performed well through the first winter, according to Tore Hornseth, Rendalen’s business manager.
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> “There was probably more skepticism than what was needed,” Hornseth said. “It’s always a bit like that.”
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> But doubts are still evident at May & Fred’s Fish and Leisure in the nearby village of Akrestrommen. Sondre Bjornstad Noren, a wildlife-management student who works part-time at the store, said he uses his old VW wagon rather than his father’s EV when they go fishing, because it can handle rough roads and is more practical.
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> Local concerns include distances between chargers and risks associated with a dead battery, according to land-use consultant Frank Engene, who regularly uses his diesel-powered Kia to get out into the woods with his Norwegian elkhound Tyril.
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> “My car is working well so I don’t feel the need to change it,” he said.
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> That sentiment is reflected across the country. Cars in Norway have been gradually getting older as people hold on to conventional models, even if they’re not buying new ones. The average age of a gasoline-powered car has risen to 19 years from 16 in 2020. It’s a similar story for diesels, according to OFV, the national road federation.
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> Sales of second-hand conventional models have decreased this year, signaling that people are keeping them. Even so, the numbers are declining, with 1 million fewer gasoline cars on the road in Norway compared with 20 years ago. And they’re being used much less, covering a quarter of the miles and consuming 70% less fuel.
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> Diesel demand has been slower to fall, primarily because buses and trucks still rely on the fuel. The adoption rate of 29% in the commercial-vehicle segment is less than a third of that in personal cars because incentives aren’t as generous and fewer models are available.
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> While EVs still have issues to overcome, one of the key aspects of Norway’s successful transition is that it’s not forced.
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> “This is mostly about economics,” said Colin McKerracher, the Oslo-based head of transport analysis at BloombergNEF. “Behavioral barriers to adoption are much less of an issue than originally thought. When the economics are good, people buy EVs in large numbers.”
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> **Road Map**
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> The Nordic country’s push into EVs started in the early 1990s to support the home-grown Think City and Buddy. The electric models were boxy, had terrible range and were only for die-hards, according to Christina Bu, head of Norway’s electric car association.
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> While the startups ultimately failed, the policies remained in place and over the years other incentives were added: value-added tax was scrapped, the cars were given access to bus lanes, parking was cheaper and in many cases free, and drivers weren’t charged for using ferries or toll roads.
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> The overall package made the decision for EVs an obvious choice for a growing number of Norwegians. The government’s target for 100% EV sales, which was set in 2017 by a center-right government, was also never hard and fast. Gasoline and diesel vehicles can still be sold in 2025 and beyond — in contrast to the European Union’s plan to ban them by 2035.
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> Norwegian households initially tended to hold onto fossil fuel cars after buying a battery-powered model, but now almost two-thirds that own an EV don’t have a combustion engine back-up, according to the country’s electric car association.
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> The shift was accelerated as Norway’s new center-left government in 2021 imposed higher registration fees on combustion-powered vehicles. That added a stick to the carrots offered to adopt EVs once infrastructure was sufficient.
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> Norway’s EV Association General Secretary Christina Bu.
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> “It’s important to have the consumer’s voice at the table. In many other countries you don’t really have that,” said Bu. “There’s nothing in Norwegians’ mindset that has helped make this happen.”
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> But money has. The country, which isn’t part of the EU, has foregone billions in tax revenue, which in Norway’s case can be offset with fossil fuel income.
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Norway makes climate change deniers furious by ignoring their claims that it’s impossible to have a 100% EV market and just doing it.

“The electric grid can’t handle it!”, “People that live in apartments can’t charge!”, “EVs can’t handle the cold!”, “You can’t drive long distances!”.

…while selling fossil fuel to the world